Frederick Douglass Importance of Education Research Paper Example

Frederick Douglass Importance of Education Paper To Learn or Not to Learn Throughout Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, the importance of education becomes apparent as Frederick Douglass’ opinion wavers. Towards the beginning of the narrative, Douglass is eager to learn, and when his master forbids his learning, it only fuels his desire to further his education. Once he is finally able to read, however, he becomes restless with his life and blames education for his discontent. Ultimately, though, he views education as vital to his freedom from lavery and realizes that he can put his education to good use, helping other slaves to freedom. Frederick Douglass comes to see the power of education when he moves in with the Aulds. When he is first living with them, Mrs. Auld starts to teach him the basics of reading and writing. He is content and eager to learn, until Mr. Auld prohibits his wife from furthering Douglass’ education, saying, â€Å"If you teach that nigger how to read, there would be no keeping him. It would forever unfit him to be a slave. We will write a custom essay sample on Frederick Douglass Importance of Education specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Frederick Douglass Importance of Education specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Frederick Douglass Importance of Education specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As to himself it would do him no good. It would make him discontented and unhappy’ (Douglass 22). Instead of discouraging his education, however, this only prompts Douglass to learn more, as he now understands that education is key in his escape from a life of slavery. Douglass soon finds new means of education in the young white boys that live near him, who will occasionally give him lessons in return for bread. Just as Mr. Auld had predicted, as soon as Douglass is able to read on his own, he begins to become discontent and restless with his life. His education had â€Å"opened his] eyes to the horrible pit, but offered no ladder upon which to get out† (Douglass 26). At times Douglass finds himself envious of the lack of knowledge of the other slaves around him, as he is now aware of his foul quality of life, but can find no way of relief. â€Å"l often found myself regretting my own existence, and wishing myself dead; and but for the hope of being free, I have no doubt but that I should have killed myself, or done something for which I should have been killed† (Douglass 26). This quote is an example of Just how disturbed and discontented Douglass is with his uality of life. The more Douglass reads, the more frustrated he feels, as he comes to believe that his masters are no more then â€Å"successful robbers† who took his people from their homes and enslaved them. Although having an education seems like a curse to Frederick Douglass at times, he comes to view education as essential to his escape from slavery. Through reading, Douglass becomes aware of the abolitionist movement in the northern part of the United States. As a result, he is able to eventually find a way to run away to the north, and start a new life for himself as a free man. He soon puts his education to good use and starts writing Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, in hopes that it will tragic reality of slavery. Despite the fact that Frederick Douglass’ education sometimes felt like a burden, he would not have been able to escape to freedom without it. Because of his motivation to learn early in life, he was eventually able to understand the abolitionist movement and run away to the north. He used his education to write one of the most influential works of literature to help the emancipation movement in the United States.

History of the Sewing Machine

History of the Sewing Machine Hand sewing is an art form that is over 20,000 years old. The first sewing needles were made of bones or animal horns, and the first thread was made of animal sinew. Iron needles were invented in the 14th century. The first eyed needles appeared in the 15th century. Birth of Mechanical Sewing The first possible patent connected to mechanical sewing was a 1755 British patent issued to German, Charles Weisenthal. Weisenthal was issued a patent for a needle that was designed for a machine. However, the patent did not describe the rest of the machine. It is unknown whether a machine existed. Several Inventors Attempt to Improve Sewing The English inventor and cabinet maker, Thomas Saint was issued the first patent for a complete machine for sewing in 1790. It is not known if Saint built a working prototype of his invention. The patent describes an awl that punched a hole in leather and passed a needle through the hole. A later reproduction of Saints invention based on his patent drawings did not work. In 1810, German, Balthasar Krems invented the automatic machine for sewing caps. Krems did not patent his invention, and it never functioned well. Austrian tailor, Josef Madersperger made several attempts at inventing the machine for sewing and was issued a patent in 1814. All of his efforts were considered unsuccessful. In 1804, a French patent was granted to Thomas Stone and James Henderson for a machine that emulated hand sewing. That same year a patent was granted to Scott John Duncan for an embroidery machine with multiple needles. Both inventions failed and were soon forgotten by the public. In 1818, the first American sewing machine was invented by John Adams Doge and John Knowles. Their machine failed to sew any useful amount of fabric before malfunctioning. The First Functional Machine That Caused a Riot The first functional sewing machine was invented by the French tailor, Barthelemy Thimonnier, in 1830. Thimonniers machine used only one thread and a hooked needle that made the same chain stitch used with embroidery. The inventor was almost killed by an enraged group of French tailors who burnt down his garment factory because they feared unemployment as a result of his sewing machine invention. Walter Hunt andElias Howe In 1834, Walter Hunt built Americas first (somewhat) successful sewing machine. He later lost interest in patenting because he believed his invention would cause unemployment. (Hunts machine could only sew straight steams.) Hunt never patented and in 1846, the first American patent was issued to Elias Howe for a process that used thread from two different sources. Elias Howes machine had a needle with an eye at the point. The needle was pushed through the cloth and created a loop on the other side; a shuttle on a track then slipped the second thread through the loop, creating what is called the lockstitch. However, Elias Howe later encountered problems defending his patent and marketing his invention. For the next nine years, Elias Howe struggled, first to enlist interest in his machine, then to protect his patent from imitators. His lockstitch mechanism was adopted by others who were developing innovations of their own. Isaac Singer invented the up-and-down motion mechanism, and Allen Wilson developed a rotary hook shuttle. Isaac Singer vs. Elias Howe Sewing machines did not go into mass production until the 1850s when Isaac Singer built the first commercially successful machine. Singer built the first sewing machine where the needle moved up and down rather than the side-to-side, and a foot treadle powered the needle. Previous machines were all hand-cranked. However, Isaac Singers machine used the same lockstitch that Howe had patented. Elias Howe sued Isaac Singer for patent infringement and won in 1854. Walter Hunts sewing machine also used a lockstitch with two spools of thread and an eye-pointed needle; however, the courts upheld Howes patent since Hunt had abandoned his patent. If Hunt had patented his invention, Elias Howe would have lost his case, and Isaac Singer would have won. Since he lost, Isaac Singer had to pay Elias Howe patent royalties. Note: In 1844, Englishmen John Fisher received a patent for a lace-making machine that was identical enough to the machines made by Howe and Singer that if Fishers patent had not been lost in the patent office, John Fisher would also have been part of the patent battle. After successfully defending his right to a share in the profits of his invention, Elias Howe saw his annual income jump from three hundred to more than two hundred thousand dollars a year. Between 1854 and 1867, Howe earned close to two million dollars from his invention. During the Civil War, he donated a portion of his wealth to equip an infantry regiment for the Union Army and served in the regiment as a private. Isaac Singer vs. Elias Hunt The 1834 eye-pointed needle sewing machine of  Walter Hunt  was later re-invented by  Elias Howe  of Spencer, Massachusetts and patented by him in 1846. Each sewing machine (Walter Hunts and Elias Howes) had a curved eye-pointed needle that passed the thread through the fabric in an arc motion; and on the other side of the fabric a loop was created; and a second thread was carried by shuttle running back and forth on a track passed through the loop creating a lockstitch. Elias Howes design was copied by Isaac Singer and others, leading to extensive patent litigation. However, a court battle in the 1850s conclusively gave Elias Howe the patent rights to the eye-pointed needle. Elias Howe brought the court case against Isaac Merritt Singer, the largest manufacturer of sewing machines for patent infringement. In his defense, Isaac Singer attempted to invalidate Howes patent, to show that the invention was already some 20 years old and that Howe should not have been able to claim the royalties from anyone using his designs that Singer had been forced to pay. Since Walter Hunt had abandoned his sewing machine and had not filed for a patent, Elias Howes patent was upheld by a court decision in 1854. Isaac Singers machine was also somewhat different from Howes. Its needle moved up and down, rather than sideways, and it was powered by a treadle rather than a hand crank. However, it used the same lockstitch process and a similar needle. Elias Howe died in 1867, the year his patent expired. Other Historic Moments in the History of the Sewing Machine On June 2, 1857, James Gibbs patented the first chain-stitch single-thread sewing machine. Helen Augusta Blanchard of Portland, Maine (1840-1922) patented the first zig-zag stitch machine in 1873. The zig-zag stitch better seals the edges of a seam, making a garment sturdier. Helen Blanchard also patented 28 other inventions including the hat-sewing machine, surgical needles, and other improvements to sewing machines. The first mechanical sewing machines were used in garment factory production lines. It was not until 1889 that a sewing machine for use in the home was designed and marketed. By 1905, the electrically-powered sewing machine was in wide use.

Research #2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Research #2 - Essay Example This trend is relatively new and not all operating systems have completely embraced it totally, however this is slowly creeping into the field of medical science enabling more benefits for patient care. With introduction of the concept of online applications that are patented by the given operating systems, large number of Health care associated applications are available in the online market which entail the different domains of health care, such as diagnosis of numerous diseases, serving as a guide and manual, remedial actions suggestion, medical dictionaries, medicine names, nearby pharmacies and numerous other sources that facilitate the health care sector in a positive way. Certain pre requisites apply to the usage of health care applications on the medium of mobile phone. These entail the regulatory body instructions, the clients awareness level, establishing of policies for its promotion, the market promotion policies, their availability factor, language use factor and various other factors that must be taken into account while handling health care applications and promoting them. 6. Overview of the F.D.A role in terms of the present day rules in place and the future considerations, with mobile phones becoming part of nearly every individual’s life, regulations are needed to be brought into action. Numerous operating systems have launched applications for use in the health care. Apple Inc. is one of the leaders in this field. It launched this service couple of years ago. IMedicalApps is one sush endeavor undertaken by Apple Inc. and it has a number of applications under its belt that facilitate better health care knowledge and awareness. The Android Operating system is not far behind and it has introduced numerous applications for the same purpose. Apart from the mobile application provides, other PSTN enabled networks are also aiming to catch up fast on the applications. Verizon is one of them that has joined the bandwagon in recent times